Ovulation: definition and meaning
Ovulation is the release of a mature egg from one of the ovaries, triggered by a surge of luteinizing hormone. It usually happens once per cycle, about 12 to 14 days before the next period. The egg survives about 12 to 24 hours, so the most fertile days are the few days before ovulation and the day itself.
When ovulation happens
Because the luteal phase is fairly steady, ovulation moves with your cycle length. In a 28-day cycle it's around day 14; in a 35-day cycle it's around day 21. That's why "day 14" is only a rule of thumb. The fertile window is the 5 days before ovulation plus the day itself, since sperm survive up to 5 days.
Signs of ovulation
- Clear, stretchy, slippery cervical mucus, like raw egg white
- A positive ovulation test, which detects the LH surge
- A small rise in basal body temperature after ovulation
- One-sided pain (mittelschmerz) or light spotting
- Higher libido and breast tenderness for some
Ovulation and mood
Estrogen peaks just before ovulation, and many people feel their most energetic, confident and social. Some people notice a brief dip or anxiety around ovulation instead. Read the full guide to the ovulation phase, or estimate your day with our ovulation calculator.
Calendar predictions are estimates. If you're trying to conceive, combine them with body signs or ovulation tests. Lulu is not contraception, and calendar methods are not reliable for avoiding pregnancy.
Frequently asked questions
Can you ovulate more than once a cycle?
Occasionally two eggs are released within about 24 hours, which can lead to fraternal twins, but not on separate days of the cycle.
Can you have a period without ovulating?
Yes. An anovulatory cycle can still end in bleeding, which is common in teens, perimenopause and PCOS.
How long does ovulation last?
The release itself is quick. The egg lives about 12 to 24 hours afterwards.
Sources
- Cleveland Clinic: Ovulation
- ACOG: Fertility Awareness-Based Methods of Family Planning
- Wilcox AJ et al. Timing of sexual intercourse in relation to ovulation. NEJM (1995)
This page is for information only and isn鈥檛 medical advice. If something worries you, please talk to a doctor.
Keep reading
Ovulation phase: signs, timing and feelingsThe ovulation phase explained: when you ovulate, how long it lasts, the signs and symptoms to look for, and why mood, energy and libido often peak.
Fertile window: definition and meaningThe fertile window is the six days each cycle when sex can lead to pregnancy. How it's worked out, when it falls, and why it isn't a contraceptive tool.
What is the LH surge?The LH surge is a sharp rise in luteinizing hormone that triggers ovulation about 24 to 36 hours later. Timing, testing, and what it means for fertility.Ovulation calculator: when do I ovulate?Free ovulation calculator: enter your last period and cycle length to see your likely ovulation day for the next 4 cycles. Private, instant, estimates only.
When do you ovulate?When do you ovulate? Usually 12 to 14 days before your next period, not always on day 14. How to estimate it and the body signs that confirm it.