Vulva: definition and meaning
The vulva is the external part of the female genitals, the parts you can see on the outside. It includes the mons pubis, the outer and inner labia, the clitoris, the opening of the urethra and the vaginal opening. The vagina is the internal canal leading to the cervix. Vulvas vary widely in size, shape and color.
Parts of the vulva
| Part | What it is |
|---|---|
| Mons pubis | the soft mound over the pubic bone, usually with hair after puberty |
| Labia majora (outer lips) | fleshy folds that protect the inner parts |
| Labia minora (inner lips) | thinner folds; often uneven or longer than the outer lips, which is normal |
| Clitoris | a highly sensitive organ; the visible glans is only a small part of it |
| Urethral opening | where pee comes out |
| Vaginal opening | leads to the vagina; may have a hymen rim |
Vulva vs vagina
People often say vagina when they mean vulva. The vulva is outside; the vagina is the stretchy muscular tube inside that connects to the cervix and uterus. Knowing the difference makes it easier to describe symptoms to a doctor.
Caring for your vulva
- Wash with plain water or a mild, unscented wash; avoid douching.
- Choose breathable underwear and change out of damp clothes.
- Change pads regularly during your period to avoid irritation.
- Unscented products are kinder to sensitive skin.
- Healthy vaginal pH is protected by leaving the vagina to clean itself.
Skin can feel more sensitive around your period, and some people get vulval itching or thrush at certain cycle points. Noticing a pattern can help. Learn more about vaginal discharge.
See a doctor if you have a lump, sore or ulcer, itching that doesn't go away, skin color or texture changes, pain, or bleeding from the vulva. Most causes are easily treated, but changes should be checked.
Frequently asked questions
Is it normal for the labia to be uneven?
Yes. Asymmetry and inner lips that extend past the outer lips are very common and completely normal.
Does the vulva change with age?
Yes. Puberty, pregnancy and menopause all change color, size and moisture. Lower estrogen after menopause can cause dryness, which is treatable.
Sources
This page is for information only and isn鈥檛 medical advice. If something worries you, please talk to a doctor.
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